Track Categories
The track category is the heading under which your abstract will be reviewed and later published in the conference printed matters if accepted. During the submission process, you will be asked to select one track category for your abstract.
The millennium provides an opportunity to contemplate and review the recent past and to plan for the future. The last half century, in particular, has been the golden age of gastroenterology, wherein rigorous, scientifically based medicine has revolutionized gastrointestinal diagnosis and therapy. The technologic fantasy and science fiction of 50 years ago has become the real and commonplace. The peptic ulcer that was treated by the Sippy meal, gastric freezing, or gastric radiation 50 years ago is now treated by scientifically based pharmacotherapy, including potent proton-pump inhibitors and antimicrobial therapy. The awkward, painful, and sometimes dangerous semi-flexible endoscope of 42 years ago has been replaced by the simple, convenient, and safe flexible endoscope.
Genetics and genomics are beginning to strongly influence the care of patients with gastrointestinal conditions. From common disorders such as colorectal cancer, pancreatitis, and multiple polyps; too rare conditions like hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, knowledge of genomic developments is increasingly highly useful to doctors and their patients. Rapid advances in genetics have led to an increased understanding of the genetic determinants of human disease, including many gastrointestinal disorders. Coupled with a proliferation of genetic testing services, this has resulted in a clinical landscape where commercially available genetic tests for gastrointestinal disorders are now widely available.
Gastrointestinal disorders include such conditions as constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, haemorrhoids, anal fissures, perianal abscesses, anal fistulas, perianal infections, diverticular diseases, colitis, colon polyps, and cancer. Many of these can be prevented or minimized by maintaining a healthy lifestyle, practicing good bowel habits, and submitting to cancer screening.
Functional disorders are those in which the gastrointestinal tract looks normal but doesn't work properly. They are the most common problems affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Structural disorders are those in which the bowel looks abnormal and doesn't work properly. Sometimes, the structural abnormality needs to be removed surgically. Common examples of structural gastrointestinal disorders include haemorrhoids, diverticular disease, colon polyps, colon cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease.
The intestine is the biggest immunology organ in the body. The immune reaction of the gastrointestinal tract to the external stimulus or the failure to respond is an important aspect of the function of the gastrointestinal tract system. Immunology related disorders, like coeliac disease, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and food allergy represent an important part of the burden of paediatric gastrointestinal illness. The field of gastrointestinal immunology is continuously expanding and it is important for the paediatric gastroenterologists to improve their knowledge and understanding of the mechanisms causing the diseases they are daily dealing with.
Pediatric Gastroenterology concerned with treating the gastrointestinal tract disorders of infants until age eighteen. Diseases concerned with are acute diarrhea, persistent vomiting, gastritis, and problems with the development of the gastric tract. Pediatric gastroenterology has grown greatly in North America and Europe. A pediatrician can provide treatment to many gastric diseases, but chronic diseases, related to the nutrition of the children, the pancreas or the liver needs to be treated by a specialist.
Gastrointestinal surgery is a treatment for diseases of the parts of the body involved in digestion. This includes the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum. It also includes the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. Surgery may be used to remove a cancerous or noncancerous growth or damaged part of the body, such as the intestine. It may also be used to repair a problem like a hernia. Minor surgical procedures are used to screen and diagnose problems of the digestive system.
Gastrointestinal cancer refers to the group of cancers that affect the digestive system which includes cancers of the oesophagus, gallbladder, liver, pancreas, stomach, small intestine, bowel and anus. Symptoms of Gastrointestinal cancer related to the organ affected and can cause difficulty in swallowing or defecating, abnormal bleeding or other associated problems. Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal tumours usually requires endoscopy, followed by biopsy of suspicious tissue. Treatment for Gastrointestinal cancer will depend on the type of cancer, the stage or its development, and other health factors. Treatment commonly includes surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The treatment depends on the location of the tumour, as well as the type of cancer cell and whether it has invaded other tissues or spread elsewhere. Gastrointestinal cancer is the most common form of cancer. More than 24,000 Australians are diagnosed with it each year and 33 Australians die of it each day. Gastrointestinal cancers do not discriminate between men and women.
Liver disease can be inherited or caused by a variety of factors that damage the liver, such as viruses and alcohol use. More than two billion people have been infected with hepatitis B virus at some point in their life, and approximately 350 million have become persistent carriers. Over two billion individuals have been infected with hepatitis B at some point and around 350 million people are persistent carriers. Hepatitis affects millions of individuals and is associated with several poor outcomes including liver transplant and liver cancer. Approximately 80% of liver cancers can be attributed to either hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus. With more wide spread implementation of vaccination and strict screening before blood transfusion, lower infection rates are expected in the future.
Neuro-gastroenterology mainly focuses on the functions, malfunctions, and the malformations of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the digestive tract. Neuro-gastroenterology is the study of the gut nerve and muscle physiology and morphology, and its interactions with the nervous system, the brain, hormones, neurotransmitters, pharmacology. Neuro-gastroenterology includes various sub-disciplines that focus on the sensory neurobiology, motor function, gut and brain interactions as well as the understanding and management of gastrointestinal motility and functional gastrointestinal disorders.
Endoscopy is a procedure that allows a doctor to view the inside of a person's body. Originally, endoscopy was only used in the esophagus, stomach, and colon. Now, doctors use endoscopy to diagnose diseases of the ear, nose, throat, heart, urinary tract, joints, and abdomen. This procedure can be used to investigate unusual symptoms or treat a range of conditions. It can also be performed to carry out a biopsy, where a small tissue sample is taken for further analysis.
Immunosuppressive agents used to treat inflammatory bowel disease can increase the risk for infections, several of which are preventable through vaccination. The recent study aimed to describe vaccine utilization by immunosuppression status, examine reasons for vaccine refusal, and identify characteristics associated with lack of influenza vaccination in IBD patients. Vaccine utilization remains sub-optimal in IBD patients. Educational interventions may increase vaccination rates by clarifying misconceptions. GIs can play a more active role in health care maintenance in IBD patients by counseling patients on which vaccines to receive or avoid.
Nutrition and intestinal function are intimately interrelated. The chief purpose of the gut is to digest and absorb nutrients in order to maintain life. Consequently, chronic gastrointestinal disease commonly results in malnutrition and increased morbidity and mortality. For example, studies have shown that 50-70% of adult patients with Crohn's disease were weight-depleted and 75% of adolescents growth-retarded. On the other hand, chronic malnutrition impairs digestive and absorptive function because food and nutrients are not only the major trophic factors to the gut but also provide the building blocks for digestive enzymes and absorptive cells. The appropriate diet may have a profound effect on intestinal recovery and successful management of chronic or severe gastrointestinal disease.
Obesity is directly linked to many health problems including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, gallstones, and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. It is also linked to psychological and psychiatric morbidities. People who are obese are often discouraged because they think they have to lose a lot of weight before any benefits are experienced. This is not true. Any obese person who loses just five to ten percent of their body weight will have significant improvement in health - this would mean between 12-25 pounds for an obese person who weighs 250 pounds. People do lose weight without surgery, however, particularly when they work with a certified health care professional to develop an effective and safe weight-loss program.
Organ Transplantation is often the only source of hope for those who suffer from organ failure. Organ transplantation is also a major surgery that carries potential risks and drawbacks, such as the chance of organ rejection. In the United States, 7 types of organ transplants are now performed, according to the United Network for Organ Sharing, a non-profit organization in Richmond Va. UNOS administers the country's only Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network, which includes the organ transplant waiting list.